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Everything you wanted to know about compaction of powder compacts using cyclic pressure.

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For an example of our work, see the following paper in pdf form, recently submitted for review:
 

Effect of Cyclic Pressure Consolidation on the Uniformity of Metal Matrix Composites

Y. Fu, G. Jiang, J. J. Lannutti, R. H. Wagoner and Glenn S. Daehn

Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University
2041 College Rd., Columbus, OH 43210

ABSTRACT

The cold compaction of ceramic-metal powder blends by the cyclic application of pressure improves compacted density.  This enhanced densification has been attributed to a repeated generation of mismatch strain between the matrix and the reinforcement phases, in a process similar to that seen in the thermal cycling of fully dense composites.  It was postulated that cyclic compression may also reduce density gradients and improve overall uniformity.  To test this hypothesis, aluminum and alumina powders were mixed and consolidated under both monotonic and cyclic loading at room temperature.  Varied aspect ratios were utilized; double-action compaction was included.  X-ray computed tomography showed that uniformity improved during cyclic compaction.  Ceramic particle distributions were found to be more uniform following pressure cycling, especially for compacts having lower aspect ratios.  The composite with 40% reinforcement achieved regions near full density following double-action cyclic compaction.  Cyclic compaction improves overall density and internal uniformity.

Guangbin Jiang's Thesis

Abstract
Acknowledgements
Chapter 1 DENSIFICATION OF Al-Al2O3 POWDER COMPOSITES BY PRESSURE CYCLING
Chapter 2 EFFECT OF INCLUSION PARTICLE SIZE ON CYCLIC CONSOLIDATION
Chapter 3
Chapter 4 VOID FILLING AND CLUSTER BREAKING UNDER PRESSURE CYCLING
Chapter 5 COMPACTION OF Al-Fe RODS UNDER MONOTOIC PRESSURE
Chapter 6 COMPACTION OF Al-Fe RODS BY PRESSURE CYCLING
Bibliography